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The Sama-Bajau refers to several Austronesian ethnic groups of Maritime Southeast Asia. The name collectively refers to related people who usually call themselves the Sama, Samah, or Samal; or are known by the exonym Bajau (, also spelled Badjao, Bajaw, Badjau, Badjaw, Bajo or Bayao). They usually live a seaborne lifestyle, and use small wooden sailing vessels such as the ''perahu'', (Layag in Meranau) ''djenging'', ''balutu'', ''lepa'', ''pilang'', and ''vinta'' (or ''lepa-lepa'').〔 Some Sama-Bajau groups native to Sabah are also known for their traditional horse culture. The Sama-Bajau are traditionally from the many islands of the Sulu Archipelago in the Philippines (where they are grouped together with the Moro people), as well as parts of the coastal areas of Mindanao and northern Borneo. In the last 50 years, many of the Filipino Sama-Bajau have migrated to neighbouring Malaysia and the northern islands of the Philippines, due to the conflict in Mindanao.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Bajau, the Badjao, the Samals, and the Sama People )〕 As of 2010, they were the second-largest ethnic group in the Malaysian state of Sabah.〔 Groups of Sama-Bajau have also migrated to Sulawesi and North Kalimantan in Indonesia, although their exact population is unknown. Sama-Bajau have sometimes been called the "Sea Gypsies" or "Sea Nomads", terms that have also been used for non-related ethnic groups with similar traditional lifestyles, such as the Moken of the Burmese-Thai Mergui Archipelago and the Orang Laut of southeastern Sumatra and the Riau Islands of Indonesia. The modern outward spread of the Sama-Bajau from older inhabited areas seems to have been associated with the development of sea trade in sea cucumber (trepang). == Ethnonym == Like the term Kadazan-Dusun, Sama-Bajau is a collective term, used to describe several closely related indigenous peoples who consider themselves a single distinct ''bangsa'' ("ethnic group" or "nation").〔〔 It is generally accepted that these groups of people can be termed Sama or Bajau, though they never call themselves "Bajau" in the Philippines. Instead, they call themselves with the names of their tribes, usually the place they live or place of origin. For example, the sea-going Sama-Bajau prefer to call themselves the Sama Dilaut or Sama Mandilaut (literally "sea Sama" or "ocean Sama") in the Philippines; while in Malaysia, they identify as Bajau Laut.〔 Historically in the Philippines, the term "Sama" was used to describe the more land-oriented and settled Sama–Bajau groups, while "Bajau" was used to describe the more sea-oriented, boat-dwelling, nomadic groups. Even these distinctions are fading as the majority of Sama-Bajau have long since abandoned boat living, most for Sama–style piling houses in the coastal shallows.〔 "Sama" is believed to have originated from the Austronesian root word ''sama'' meaning "together", "same", or "we".〔〔〔〔 The exact origin of the exonym "Bajau" is unclear. Some authors have proposed that it is derived from a corruption of the Malay word ''berjauh'' ("getting further apart" or "the state of being away").〔 Other possible origins include the Brunei Malay word ''bajaul'', which means "to fish".〔 The term "Bajau" has pejorative connotations in the Philippines, indicating poverty in comparison to the term "Sama". Especially since it is used most commonly to refer to poverty-stricken Sama-Bajau who make a living through begging. British administrators in Sabah classified the Sama-Bajau as "Bajau" and labelled them as such in their birth certificates. Thus the Sama-Bajau in Malaysia may sometimes self-identify as "Bajau" or even "Malay" (though the preferred term is "Sama"), for political reasons. This is due to the government recognition of the Sama-Bajau as legally Bumiputera (indigenous native) under the name "Bajau".〔 This ensures easy access to the special privileges granted to ethnic Malays. This is especially true for recent Moro Filipino migrants. The indigenous Sama-Bajau in Malaysia have also started labelling themselves as their ancestors called themselves, such as Simunul. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sama-Bajau peoples」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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